Machine for grinding cocks automatically



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

' /72 www.'

PatentedJune 17, 1890.

4% v J r,T N l G, B. CHADWICK.

(No Model.)

IVIACllBTlEI FOR GRINDING GOOKS AUTOMATIGALLY. No. 430,142.

@gigi (No Mmm.) s sheets-sheet 2.

.-G. B. CHADWICK. MAUHINB POR GRINDING GOGKS AUTOMATIGALLY.

N0. 430,142. l Paten-ted June 17, 1890.

(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3. G. B. OHADWICK. n Uil-POR GRINDING GOGKS AUTOMATIGALLY. No. 430,142.fg

Patented June 17, 1890.v

MACH

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE B. OHADlVIOK, OF PORTSMOUTH, NEV HAMPSHIRE.

MACHINE FO'R GRINDING COCKS AUTOMATICALLY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 430,142, dated June 17, 1890.

Application iiled May 6, 1889. Serial No. 309,753. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, GEORGE B. CHADWICK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Portsmouth, in the county of Rockingham and State of New Hampshire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Grinding Cocks; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to a machine for grinding cocks; and it consists in certain peculiarities of construction, and in novel combinations of devices and arrangements thereof, which will be hereinafter fully described and specifically claimed, whereby the plug and shell of a cock are ground simultaneously in substantially the same lnanner as has horetofore been done by hand.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a front elevation of my invention and illustrating a portion of a duplex cock-grinding machine, parts thereof being represented in section and the remainderin elevation. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same. Fig. 3 is a view of a disk containing the plug-clamps and center for rotating the plug. Fig. 4 is avert-ical section in the line 0c a: of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is an enlarged broken view of a brake mechanism shown in Figz. Fig. Gisaface view of apdisk operatingthe said brake mechanism, the sh af ts of moving parts being shown in cross-section. Fig. '7 is an enlarged broken view of said brake mechanism, the support for the shafts being shown in longitudinal section. Fig. 8 is a vertical section in the line 'y y of Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a vertical section in the line ,c ,c of Fig. 1, and Figs. l0 and ll are views of a modified construction of the rotating mechanism.

The letter A in the drawings represent-s an ordinary lathe-bed; B, tail-stock of the same; C, lathe-head, and D the rotating and feeding mechanism.

The rotating' mechanism consists of an ordinary cone-pulley d on a main shaft d', an eccentric d2, and an eccentric-rod d3, provided with a rack d4, which rests upon a guideroller d5, suitably hung between two bearingstandards c c of the lathe-head O. The rack d gears into a pinion e on a sleeve e', which latter is hung in suitable bearings e2 of the standards c c. To the ends of the sleeve e', outside the bearings e2, disks E are fastened. Both disks being of the same construction, it will suffice to describe one of them. The face portion of disk E has a concentric depression e3, with a V shaped inner groove or circumference e4. Into said circumference c4 the head portions e5 of two segmental sliding friction-blocks e6 are fitted, the blocks being provided with diametrical slots e7, fitted to corresponding parallel reductions f of a sliding collar F, whereby said blocks e6 are permitted to move diametrically upon the collar and revolve with the collar. The blocks e0' can be forced outward into the V-shaped groove e4 by means of links f, which are pivoted at e8 to the said blocks and at f2 to the collar F. The collar F is secured, by means of a spline f3, to a spindle G, and can be moved'along the same by means of an annular groove f4 and a forked lever F', having pins f5 located in said groove. The fulcrum-shaft f6 of the lever F is hung in a lstandard f7 of the lathe-head, and is provided at its `front end with a hand-lever f8. The links j" are adjusted and heldin place by means of wedges fg, which are secured in the collar F, and adjusted by means of set-screws flo. The links f are preferably protected against wear upon the Wedges fi by interposed wearing-plates f 11, which are made to lit the end portions of the links, andthe links are slotted at f12 in order to compensate for the wear in the described brake mechanism. The tail portion of the spindle G is fitted about half-way into the sleeve e', in which it turns freely. The head portion of said spindle is supported by a bearing g in a standard c2 of the lathe-head O, and is beyond said bearing provided with a disk H. This disk bears against one end of the bearing c, while an adjustable nut gon the shaft G bears against the other end of said bearing, thus holding the shaft steady in a longitudinal direction. The disk H has a conical circumference 7L and an annular V-shaped gutter h iu its rear side, into which a similarlyshaped ring h2 is placed, a disk h3, with an inner conical surface h4, fitting the conical cir- IOO cumference h of disk H to such a degree as to keep the plain. body portions of the said disks at some distance apart, as shown at h5, in order to compensate for wear of the conical surfaces. This disk h3 is provided with a ring h", secured to it by means of screws h7 or otherwise, and bearing upon the rear surface of the disk H. The ring 71. is provided with thumb-screws hs, which bear by way of adjustment upon the ring h2 with more or less force, and thus the two disks are caused to work with more or less friction at their conical joint. The face of the disk 7a3 is provided with a dianietrical depression h, which serves as a guide for two adjustable jaws hw, rendered adjustable by means of slots 7L and setscrews hw. A lathe-center g2 is fitted into the spindle G and extends between the jaws 7110, so that the square or flat head of a cock-plug L can be inserted between said jaws and secured uponthe lathe-center. The disk h3 is provided with an annular gutter hw, into which abrake-band I is placed, and in rear of the disk H and in line with its axis a shaft i.' is hung in a bearing fi on the standard c2. This shaft 1l is connected with the ends of the brake-band I by means of links 2 is, as shown in Figs. 5 and '7, the link Q22 being loosely fitted upon the shaft t' and connected by a pin 4 to the brake-band, and the link s being connected to the shaft by means of an eccentric-pin and to the brake-band by means of a pin t6. By this construction the end portion of the brake-band held by link i2 is rendered stationary, while the other end portion may be drawn tight or let loose by the action of the eccentric-pin This action is caused by the oscillation of the shaft t', which by means of a lever-toe i7 on its other end portion standing in range of a fixed lug e9 on the disk E, is turned for a short portion of each revolution of the disk E, and thus temporarily draws the brake-band I tight around the disk h3 and stops its motion. I have found that bystopping the disk 713 during one-twelfth revolution, or thereabout, good results are achieved. By this arrangement the forward revolutions of the disk h3 and of the cockplug are shortened, while the backward revolutions are undiminished and the startingpoint of each forward revolution is changed every time. Opposite the lathe-head C the Vtail-stock B is placed, the function of which is to hold, by means of lathe-center b', the screw end of the cock-plug L. This tail-stock may be of any known construction and does not require any description.

Between the lathe-head and tail-stock a slide-rest or carriage J is fitted to the lathebed A and held thereon by angular guides y' 13, as shown in Fig. i), and in order to make it yield easily to the lower or main portion j it is provided with rollers j', which support the weight of the carriage and 'relieve it of the greater part of its friction along the lathebed. This main portion j is shaped like a trough with a central support ,72 for an ordinary slide-rest jg, which is fastened to it by means of bolts j, or in lieu thereof with one center bolt The latter construction allows the slide-rest to swing horizontally. The slide-rest is provided with two upright jaws 7s, united to a transverse sliding plate 7c', and two swinging jaws 7a2, united to a rockshaft 7e3, which is seated or socketed in asliding plate 7a4, and is provided with a hand-le- Ver h5. The hand-lever h5 is provided witha lockingelever 756, pivoted to the saine at k7, and having a locking-pin L8 at its lower end, which penetrates the hub of the hand-lever and occupies one of a number of holes 769 in the plate ti. The jaws L2 are provided with horizontal jaws k1, between which the gaspipes Z2, which are secured into the cock-shell L', are held. These jaws are united to dovetailed plates 7,3m, which are fitted into similarly-formed depressions in the jaws 7b2. I make a series of jaws 71:1" with different-sized openings or with members spaced at different distances apart in order to suit cocks of different sizes, and by means of the described construction they are easily interchangeable. The sliding plates 7e 7J* are fitted upon the dovetailed top portion j of the slide-restj, and can by means of a gib Lfand set-screwsj8 be adjusted and fastened at any desirable distance from each other in order to suit the requirements for grinding differently-sized cocks.

The carriage .I is pulled toward the lathehead C by means of an adjustable multiple weightj and a cord or chain jm, the latter bei ing fastened to the carriage j and suspended over a pulley jl?, hung to the lathe'hcad, as shown in Fig. l. Another chain or cord m is fastened at m to the carriage J, passed over a pulley m2, which is hung to the tail-stock, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. l, and fast-- ened to a treadle M. By putting his foot on this treadle and movin g it dow-n the operator can move the carriage .I away from the lathehead whenever he finds it necessary to instantly stop the grinding operation. The carriage J is operated by a reciprocating mechanism N, receiving its motion from the counter-shaft d by means of an eccentric pin or roller fn, upon a crank n on said countershaft. The rollernrotates a star-wheeling, hu ng to oneof the armsd, on which the co unter-shaft d is hung. The star-wheela2 engages a lever n3, hung at n* on lugs ai of the lathe-bed. Iivoted at n on the lever 'nii is a rodnl, with a tapered head a8 and a cylindrical guide-cxtension n. The extension n" moves and is guided in a socket c of the lathe-head C, and thus holds the rod nl in upright position. The tapered head ns bears against the ends of two rods n10, fitted into the lower portion of the lathe-head, and each abutting against a rod nu, (when aduplex machine is adopted,) fitted into the carriage .I and adj usted and fastened in place, respectively, by means of a set-screw W12, as seen in l? ig. l. N hen the rod a7 rises, the rod n10 moves the carriage .I

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toward the 'tail-'stock B and raises the weight jg, which latter moves the carriage back toward the lathe-head, when the. rod a7 descends.

In the drawings my invention is represented as used in a duplex machine, the parts to the right and left of the pinion e being symmetrical and of the same construction, and although I prefer said construction, because it possesses the advantage over a single machine of doing with one attendant in a given time twice the amount of work of a single'machine, I regard the principle the same, whether the invention be used on a single or duplex'organization.

,The modiied construction of the rotating mechanism shown in Figs. 10 and ll will be used for small work,which necessitates quicker -motion of the machine than could be safely produced by the described rack ditL and pinion e. In this construction the plain shaft cZ, eccentric d2, and rack Z4 are replaced by a double-crank shaft CZT and two expansible connecting-straps (Z8, and the pinion e has substituted for it a pulley e. The crank-pins CZg of the said crank-shaft are provided with clasps o, to which springs o are attached, which hold clasps o2, to which the straps @ZS are fastened. The clasps o2 are provided with looped Shanks 03, which are held in slots 04 of links o5, pivoted to the clasps o. The straps (Z8 are fastened to the pulley e9 by means of set-screws el@ or otherwise. Vhen the crank- -shaft (Z7 is in the position shown in Fig. l0, the united distances of the pulley e9 and crank- -pins CZ9 are greater than when the crank-pins and pulley are in line with each other, and in that case the springs o will be extended to compensate for the said difference.

In order toprepare a cock for grinding, the machine is stopped, the cock-shell L', provided with the gas-pipes Z2 and plug L, is inserted into the jaws Z010, which are swung away from the jaws k for that purpose. The hand-leverk5 is then turned toward the lathehead, whereby the jaws are caused to approach the gas-pipes Z2 and grip them. The plugL is then inserted between the jaws 7cm, righted between the centers Z Z and secured between them, as shown in Fig. 2. The plug L is then wet and covered with sand, and the machine is set in motion and the plug rapidly revolved forward and backward within the cock-shell, making about eleventwelfths of a revolution forward and a whole revolution backward, so that at the beginning of every forward revolution the plug occupies a different position in its shell, thereby producing spiral and rotary motions of the sand, insuring its passage universally and uniformly between the cock and shell, and avoiding the cutting of ring-channels in the surfaces, thus avoiding imperfect grinding or overgrinding on one side of the shell, which would otherwise be caused by an undue accumulation of sand on one side of the plug. While the plug is thus moved around vits axis the shell L is reciprocated along its axis by the above-described rise and fall of the rod nl and the gravitation of the weight jg, which lattern moves the-plug` into its shell with more or less force, according to previous adjustment, against the plug L and causes more v0r less rapid grinding, as circumstances may require. If from any cause the plug should jam in the shell and its revolution become very diiiicult, the disk h3 will be stopped thereby and the disk H will continue to revolve, whereupon the operator moves down the treadle M with his foot, while, by means of the hand-lever f8, he moves the collar F away from the disk E, thus reducing the friction of the blocks e6 and stopping the motion of the spindle Gg@ If it is found that the jamming is caused by a perfect iit between the plug and its shell, the cock is removed and anotherinserted in its place. For light work less weight at j) will be employed, and for heavier work a greater weight will be used. When there is less resistance to the revolution of the plug, the thumb-screws hs should be secured with less force upon the ring h2, so as to reduce the friction between the disks H and h3. This construction enables the operator to so adjust the friction of the two disks H h3 that he can determine by the sense of feeling, while holding the hand-leverfs, when it is necessary to bearwith more or less force upon the same in order to properly speed the grinding operation and at the same time avoid the above-mentioned jamming. While the shell L is being moved from the disks Il h3 and the plug L exposed the operator puts on a new supply of sand and water, this being repeated until a cock with a perfectly-ground joint is produced. During the removal of the inished cock and the introduction of another to be ground the operator may in his judgment allow the disk H to continue its motions; but he should prevent it from moving the spindle G by keeping the collar F away from said disk. that when the invention is applied so as to make a duplex machine a single attendant can grind two cocks simultaneously without change of manipulation.

In lmy machine the operation of grinding by hand is reproduced in all its details-to f wit, forward and backward revolution with gain in or change of starting-point, longitudinal movement, stopping of revolution under undue resistance of the plug, and stoppage of the grinding operation by the treadle at any desired moment, and the advantage of performing these operations by machinery is that of greater rapidity of operation, which from experience has proved to be about four times that of a skilled man doing the work by hand. i

What I claim as my invention is- 1. In a cock-grinding machine, means,sub stantially as described, for producing upon the plug of the cock alternately-reversed long and short rotary motions and an intermediate IOO IIO

It will be seen ISO rest at the end of each short rotary motion, substantially as described.

2. In a cock-grinding machine, means, substantially as described, for producing upon the cock-plug forward and backward revolutions with a gain and stoppage of motion during such gain, and means, as described, for giving 'a reciprocating axial motion to the cock-shell, whereby spiral and rotary motions are alternately imparted to the sand between the cock-plug and the shell, thus preventing the sand vfrom cutting and scratching the matching surfaces during the operation of grinding, substantially as described.

3. In a cock-grinding machine, means, substantially as described, for producing upon the plug of the cock alternately-reversed rotary motions, a progressive gain on said motions caused by a periodical automatic slip between the lathe-spindle and plug-clamp, and automatic means for stopping the rotary motion of the plug under and by undue resistance of the plug to the grinding operation, substantially as described.

4. A cock-grinding machine comprising, in combination, means for producing upon the cock-plug alternately-reversed rotary motion, periodical progressive gain, and periodical rest, means for automatically stopping the motion of the plug when overcome by undue resistance, and means for stopping the motion of the plug at pleasure by toot-pressure, substantially as described.

5. In a cock-grinding machine, the combination of a lathe-head and plug-clamp having an alternately-reversed rotary motion with periodical stops and gains, with a plugsupporting tail-stock and a shell-supporting carriage having an automatic reciprocating motion, and a stop-relief mechanism worked byfoot-power, substantially as described.

6. In a cock-grinding machine, in combination, a reciprocating rack, a pinion geared with the same and provided with a hand-operated friction-coupling, and a lathe-spindle and clamp-disk moved by said friction-coupling, the combination being such that the cock-plug can be instantly stopped while the motive power continues, substantially as described.

7. In a cock-grinding machine, in combina'- tion, the spindleG, having disk H, the clampdisk h3, provided with cone-surfaces h h4, ring h, thu mb-screw hs, and V-shaped friction-ring h2, substantially as described.

8. Ina cock-grinding machine, in combination, the disk E, having V shaped inner groove e4, in combination with the sleeve e', the diametrically-sliding blocks e, having V.- shaped head portions e5, links f', sliding collar F, spindle G, having disk H, and clampdisk h3, substantially as described.

9. In a cock-grinding machine, in combination, the reciprocating clamp-carriage J, having stationaryjaws la and swinging adjustable clamps k2 klo, shaft 7c3, hand-lever h5, and locking-lever k6, substantially as described.

10. In a cock-grinding machine, in combination, the reciprocatingcock-shell clampingcarriage J, adjustable weight jg, chain jl", horizontally-reciprocating rod n10, and the vertically-reciprocating rod n7,having tapered head nB, substantially as described.

1l. In a cock-grinding machine,in combi'- nation, the reciprocating clamp-carriage J, the feed mechanism N, the weightjg, rod nl, and the adjustable abutting rod n, substantially as described.

12. In a cock-grinding machine, the combination, with the back and forward revolving cock-plug L, of a cock-shell L', a reciprocating clamp-carriage J, and the relief-treadle M and cord m, substantially as described.

13. Inv a cock-grinding machine, in combination, the main shaft d', crank n', crank-pin n, star-wheel n2, lever n3, rod 'm7, having tapered head a8, rods n10, and clamp-carriage J, substantially as described.

14. In a cock-grinding machine, in combination,the friction-coupling E F, lug e9, disk H, spindle G, clamp-disk h3, brake-band I, shaft i, having lever-toe t7, links 2 3, and eccentric-pin i5, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE B. CHADWICK. Vitnesses:

ABBE CHADWICK, PERsIs L. BUFFoRD. 

